An ORM maps database tables to classes and rows to objects. Instead of writing SQL, you write: User.findMany({ where: { age: { gt: 18 } } }). Popular ORMs: Prisma (TypeScript), SQLAlchemy (Python), TypeORM (TypeScript), ActiveRecord (Ruby), Hibernate (Java). Benefits: type safety, migrations, protection from SQL injection. Drawback: complex queries can be harder to express and may generate inefficient SQL.
glossary2 min read
ORM Explained
ORMs let you interact with databases using programming language objects instead of SQL.
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